Table 2 Unadjusted and risk-adjusted associations of patient preoperative comorbidities and PLOS (n = 4,495,582)
Patient Comorbidities | N (%) | Unadjusted Median LOS (IQR)* | Risk-Adjusted Median LOS (IQR)*^ | Risk-Adjusted Change in LOS (days) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ascites | ||||
No | 4,463,494 (99.3) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.7) | Reference |
Yes | 32,088 (0.7) | 7 (4–13) | 8.1 (4.6–15.2) | + 5.1 |
Bleeding Disorder | ||||
No | 4,221,545 (93.9) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.5) | Reference |
Yes | 274,037 (6.1) | 4 (2–8) | 4.7 (3.1–7.8) | + 1.7 |
Congestive Heart Failure | ||||
No | 4,442,958 (98.8) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.7) | Reference |
Yes | 52,624 (1.2) | 6 (3–11) | 6.8 (4.2–11.7) | + 3.8 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | ||||
No | 4,238,804 (94.3) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.6) | Reference |
Yes | 256,778 (5.7) | 4 (2–8) | 4.4 (3.1–7.3) | + 1.4 |
Diabetes | ||||
None | 3,686,880 (82.0) | 3 (1–5) | 2.9 (2.3–4.5) | Reference |
Oral | 488,422 (10.9) | 3 (2–5) | 3.2 (2.6–5.0) | + 0.3 |
Insulin | 320,280 (7.1) | 4 (2–7) | 4.3 (3.0–7.3) | + 1.4 |
Dialysis Within 2 Weeks | ||||
No | 4,419,883 (98.3) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.6) | Reference |
Yes | 75,699 (1.7) | 5 (3–10) | 6.5 (4.0–11.0) | + 3.5 |
Disseminated Cancer | ||||
No | 4,346,644 (96.7) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.5) | Reference |
Yes | 148,938 (3.3) | 5 (3–9) | 5.8 (4.3–8.5) | + 2.8 |
Dyspnea | ||||
None | 4,132,503 (91.9) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.6) | Reference |
Moderate Exertion | 324,162 (7.2) | 3 (2–6) | 3.5 (2.7–5.9) | + 0.5 |
At Rest | 38,917 (0.9) | 6 (3–12) | 6.8 (3.9–13.4) | + 3.8 |
Hypertension | ||||
No | 2,185,001 (48.6) | 2 (1–5) | 2.7 (2.2–4.2) | Reference |
Yes | 2,310,581 (51.4) | 3 (2–6) | 3.3 (2.6–5.2) | + 0.6 |
Acute Renal Failure | ||||
No | 4,470,065 (99.4) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.7) | Reference |
Yes | 25,517 (0.6) | 7 (3–15) | 9.1 (5.0–17.2) | + 6.1 |
Body Mass Index | ||||
Null/unknown | 116,741 (2.6) | 3 (1–7) | 4.1 (2.6–7.1) | + 0.6 |
Underweight (< 18.5) | 93,640 (2.1) | 5 (2–8) | 5.3 (3.2–8.3) | + 1.8 |
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 1,046,902 (23.3) | 3 (2–6) | 3.5 (2.4–5.7) | Reference |
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 1,316,392 (29.3) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.7) | -0.5 |
Obese Class I (30.0–34.9) | 907,049 (20.2) | 3 (1–5) | 2.9 (2.3–4.2) | -0.6 |
Obese Class II (35.0–39.9) | 495,640 (11.0) | 3 (1–4) | 2.8 (2.3–2.8) | -0.7 |
Obese Class III (≥ 40) | 519,218 (11.6) | 2 (1–4) | 2.7 (2.4–3.3) | -0.8 |
Chronic Steroid Use | ||||
No | 4,296,364 (95.6) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.6) | Reference |
Yes | 199,218 (4.4) | 4 (2–7) | 4.3 (3.1–6.9) | + 1.3 |
Transfusion of > 4 pRBC Within 72 Hours | ||||
No | 4,432,967 (98.6) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.6) | Reference |
Yes | 62,615 (1.4) | 7 (4–13) | 8.0 (5.1–13.7) | + 5.0 |
Ventilator Dependent within 48 h | ||||
No | 4,464,439 (99.3) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.4–4.7) | Reference |
Yes | 31,143 (0.7) | 13 (5–23) | 15.4 (8.8–28.5) | + 12.4 |
Open Wound With or Without Infection | ||||
No | 4,291,538 (95.5) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.4) | Reference |
Yes | 204,044 (4.5) | 6 (3–10) | 7.1 (4.9–10.8) | + 4.1 |
Weight Loss > 10% Within 6 Months | ||||
No | 4,399,721 (97.9) | 3 (1–5) | 3.0 (2.3–4.6) | Reference |
Yes | 95,861 (2.1) | 6 (4–10) | 7.1 (4.7–11.0) | + 4.1 |
Systemic Sepsis (Within 48 Hours) | ||||
None | 4,107,362 (91.4) | 3 (1–5) | 2.9 (2.3–4.4) | Reference |
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome | 209,239 (4.7) | 4 (2–8) | 4.2 (2.5–7.9) | + 1.3 |
Sepsis | 144,660 (3.2) | 6 (3–11) | 7.4 (3.9–13.3) | + 4.5 |
Septic Shock | 34,321 (0.8) | 12 (5–21) | 14.2 (8.4–25.7) | + 11.3 |